Ans 204 What Are Vitamins?
Ans 204 What’s are vitamins? is to inform scholars all what the need to know about vitamins, it’s classifications, deficiency and uses.
What Are Vitamins?
Vitamins are essential micronutrients required in small quantities in living Organisms for proper functioning of it’s metabolism. These substances our bodies needs them for it’s development.
That it’s required in a little quantity doesn’t mean it has no definite role to play neither does it mean that it’s less important in the body.
Though the body can synthesis them but it’s limited.
Vitamins in as much as it’s a non essential nutrient, it’s essential for the body’s immune system because vitamins helps to strengthen your body so as to fight against diseases.
Vitamins also are a group of chemically unrelated organic molecules that are needed in small amounts for different physiological functions. Vitamins simply means a group of compounds having specific roles in metabolism. Just like it’s original is “vital amine” It’s a very important amine that the body needs.
Unlike other macronutrients that happens to be an organic compounds, these vital amines cannot provide energy, they only help to speed up things in an energy-producing reactions.
For example, Make fats more fluid or decreases their melting point when there is an increased amount and are not used for the synthesis of structural compounds.
Most vitamins are provided to animal through diet, while some of vitamins can be synthesized by the rumen and hindgut microbes or by exposure to sunlight.
Deficiency of vitamins
Deficiency of vitamins in a diet leads to disease conditions, reduced productivity and animal welfare and reduced immunity in food-producing animals.
The dietary requirements of vitamins are very low. In recent years, mega doses of some vitamins (e.g., vitamin E) have been used in animal diets as a means to enhance animal immunity and to improve food quality aspects.
Classification of vitamins
About 13 Essential Vitamins in Animals and the are sub-divided into Fat soluble Vitamins (A,B,E & K) and water soluble Vitamins (B-complex, & C)
The B-complex are sub-divided into energy releasing. ( B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12).
Fat soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A, B, E and K are fat soluble Vitamin also Known as fat & lipid vitamins.
They are available in diet, transportation and absorption are associated with fat.
they are soluble in fat and oil and also fat solvent (aceto) and alcohol.
Vitamins are group of All related organic Compounds that are found in natural feed substances But different from fat, protein, carbohydrates, water And Minerals,
It required in trace quantity by living organisms for Normal Biochemical and physiological function (optimum healthy growth, Maintenance or reproduction)
In Animals they are essential and can’t be Synthesized or supplied in enough quantity to meet up the requirements for physiological processes. which require exogenous Supplementation.
Animals shows a clinical deficiency Symptoms when Vitamins are inadequate or absent.
Vitamins as a nutrient is unique cause unlike other nutrients there is no single feed ingredient that can supply all the vitamins at optimum Levels in the diet. There is 15 different Vitamins being recognized in the universe.
Generally Vitamins are name by biological and chemical function rather than the chemical functions usually a group of that shows a biological activity associates With a particular Vitamins are collectively named together.
fat soluble vitamin can be stored in liver and adipose tissues, they are a not readily excreted in urine. the excess Consumption of these Vitamins can lead to the accumulation and the toxic affects the body. All the fat soluble vitamins are isoprenoid and Compound Since they make up of one or more five Carbon units namely isoprenoid units (CH2=C(CH3)−CH=CH2).
They are not required Daily and it’s deficiency is very slow
But vitamin K has a specific enzyme formation.
Water-soluble vitamins (B-complex and C)
Soluble in water and excess excreted through urine
No storage and less toxic
Daily requirement (except vitamin B12)
Serve as cofactor in biochemical reactions
Deficiency is fast
Factors affecting Vitamins requirements in animal
• Genotype of the animal
• Energy density of the feed
• Environmental Temperature
• Management system
• Digestive System.
• processing method
• Git Vitamin lost.
Assessment Vitamin status in Animals.
• Measurement of blood level
• Measurement of renal
• Measurement of tissue levels
• Biochemical and Metabolic Ratio
• Clinical Assessment
